Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlolwa kwesambulela, sivame ukuba nokuhlolwa okuthandwayo.
1. Izindinganiso Zokuphepha Ezibalulekile Zesifunda
1.1 I-EU ne-UK (Imakethe Eyinhloko Yezambulela Zokuthumela Ngaphandle)
EN 13830:2018 Ama-Umbrella nama-Parasols - Izidingo zokuphepha nezindlela zokuhlola
Izinga elihlanganisiwe lokuphepha ngokomzimba laseYurophu lezambulela ezigoqwayo eziphathwayo, izambulela zegalofu ezinde kanye nama-parasols e-patio
- Ukuhlolwa kohlangothi olubukhali kanye nephuzu:Akukho ma-burrs, ama-tips abukhali ezimbanjeni, emiphini noma ezingxotsheni zepulasitiki ukuvimbela ukusikeka/ukubhoboka.
- Ukuhlolwa kokukhathala kokuvula/ukuvala:Izambulela ezivula/ezivala ngokuzenzakalela ziqeda imijikelezo engu-500–1000 yokuvula ngaphandle kokujima, ukwehluleka kwentwasahlobo noma ukuphuka kwezingxenye.
- Amandla okuthamba kwembambo:Izimbambo azikwazi ukuqhekeka ngaphansi kwamandla akhethekile okudonsa; ozimele be-fiberglass badlula umthwalo omkhulu kunezinhlaka zensimbi.
- Ukumelana nokudonswa kwesibambo:Izibambo akumelwe zihlukane ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuqondile. I-UK ilandela i-EN 13830 efanayo enophawu lwe-UKCA esikhundleni se-CE post-Brexit.
Umthethonqubo we-REACH (Ukuthobela Amakhemikhali, Okuphoqelekile kwe-EU/UK)
Imboza indwangu yophahla, izendlalelo ezimboziwe, izimbambo zensimbi, izibambo zepulasitiki, uyinki ophrintiwe:
- Ukukhawulela i-SVHC (Izinto Ezikhathaza Kakhulu):I-Formaldehyde, ama-phthalates, izinsimbi ezisindayo (i-lead, i-cadmium), amadayi e-azo, izinto ezivimbela ilangabi.
- Ukuphrinta kwendwangu kanye nokwembozwa kwe-UV okumnyama/kwesiliva kumele kuphumelele ukuhlolwa komkhawulo wokufuduka kwamakhemikhali anobuthi.
1.2 Izindinganiso Zemakethe Yase-United States
I-CPSC kanye ne-CPSIA (Ukuphepha Kwesambulela Sezingane Nabantu Abadala)
- 16 CFR 1303:Isivalo sokuqukethwe komthofu esiqinile sazo zonke izingxenye zensimbi/zepulasitiki ezipendiwe (umthamo ophelele ongu-≤90ppm).
- Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye ezincane zezambulela zezingane: Azikho izingozi ezincane zokuminyana ezingasuswa kubasebenzisi abangaphansi kweminyaka emi-3.
Isiphakamiso saseCalifornia 65 (Isiphakamiso 65)
Amalebula okuxwayisa adingekayo uma imikhiqizo iqukethe izinto ezibangela umdlavuza ezisohlwini (izinsimbi ezisindayo, amakhemikhali athile okumboza). Iningi lezambulela ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zase-UK/EU nazo ziyahambisana nokuthengisa kwamanye amazwe ase-US.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu Yokusebenza Kwendwangu Ebalulekile
2.1 Ukuhlolwa Okungangeni Manzi – Ikhanda Elingenamanzi (ISO 811)
Kukala ukumelana nomfutho wamanzi kwendwangu yophahla:
- Izambulela zemvula ezijwayelekile:≥3000 mm H₂O (akukho ukuvuza kwamanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi yamanzi eqinile)
- Izambulela ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezingangenisi isiphepho/umoya:≥5000–8000 mm I-H₂O
- Isimiso sokuhlola:Umfutho wamanzi ukhuphuka kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho kuvela ukungena ebusweni bendwangu yangaphakathi. I-PU coated pongee polyester iyinto efanelekile esetshenziswa kakhulu.
2.2 Ukuhlolwa kwe-UV Protection Factor (UPF)
| Okujwayelekile | Ibanga | Izinga Lokuvimba UV | Isifunda Esisebenzayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-AS/NZS 4399 | UPF50+ | ≥98% | I-AU, NZ, izambulela zelanga zekhwalithi ephezulu zomhlaba wonke |
| I-AATCC 183 | UPF50+ | ≥98% | I-USA, eNyakatho Melika |
| Kunconywe yi-EU | I-UPF30 encane | ≥96.7% | Izambulela ezimbili ze-sun-rain zaseYurophu |
Imishini yokuhlola: Ukuskena kwe-spectrophotometer yokudlulisa i-UV okungu-290–400nm ubude be-UVA/UVB. Ama-canopy amnyama agqokwe njalo anikeza i-UPF ephezulu kunendwangu yesiliva egqokwe noma engagqokwanga.
2.3 Ukuhlolwa Kokushesha Kombala (Uchungechunge lwe-ISO 105)
- I-ISO 105-B02:Ukushesha kokukhanya (kulingisa ukukhanya kwelanga okude ngaphandle; izambulela zokukhangisa eziphrintiwe zidinga ibanga ≥4)
- I-ISO 105-X12:Ukuqina kokuhlikihla (ukuhlolwa kokuhlikihla okomile/okumanzi ukuze kuhlolwe ukuhlubuka kweyinki kuma-canopies aphrintiwe ngokwezifiso) Kubalulekile ezimakethe zase-UK/EU ezinemvula ende, ukukhanya kwelanga okuncane kodwa okunomswakama.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina Komshini Okuyinhloko
3.1 Ukuhlolwa Kokumelana Nomoya (Iphrothokholi Yelebhu Eyenziwe Ngokwezifiso + inkomba ye-GB/T 31895)
Lingisa umoya onamandla owela (okubalulekile ngesimo sezulu esinemvula e-UK):
- Vula isambulela ngokugcwele, sebenzisa amandla omoya avundlile kancane kancane.
- Izambulela ze-fiberglass ezifanelekile zilulama ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokuguqulwa okuyingxenye ngaphandle kokugoba noma ukuphuka unomphela.
- Izimbambo zensimbi ezishibhile zivame ukuwohloka noma ziphuke ngaphansi kwezivunguvungu zase-UK ezimaphakathi.
3.2 Umjikelezo Wokuvula Nokuvala Ukukhathala
- Izambulela ezigoqwa ngesandla:Imijikelezo engu-1000 yokuvala ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kwehinji, ukukhululeka kwezimbambo noma ukudabuka kwekhava.
- Izambulela zokuvala ezivula ngokuzenzakalela:Ubuncane bemijikelezo engu-800; indlela yokusebenza kwentwasahlobo kumele igcine ukuqina okuzinzile emazingeni okushisa abandayo asebusika (imvula yasebusika engu-4–8°C e-UK).
- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina:Donsa ubambo olulodwa ukuze ulinganise umthwalo wokuphuka; izimbambo ze-fiberglass zifinyelela amandla okuphuka aphezulu izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kunezimbambo zensimbi ezinobukhulu obulinganayo.
- Ukuhlolwa kokufutha usawoti okulwa nokugqwala (ISO 9227):Kubalulekile esimweni sezulu esinomswakama ophezulu e-UK. Izimbambo zensimbi zibonisa amabala okugqwala emijikelezweni emifushane yokufutha usawoti; i-fiberglass egcwele idlula ukuhlolwa kwenkungu kasawoti isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokugqwala nhlobo.
- Amathiphu okuphepha ayindilinga kuzo zonke izimbambo; azikho izivalo zensimbi ezibukhali.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuwa kwezingxenye ezincane kakhulu ukuze kuqedwe izingozi zokuminyana.
- Umkhawulo ophansi wokufuduka kwezinsimbi ezisindayo zezibambo nezindwangu zokuthintana nezingane.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuphenduka komoya kwesakhiwo sonke se-ASTM F3512 ngesisekelo esinesisindo.
- Ukuhlolwa komthwalo wokucindezela i-central pole ukuvimbela ukugoba kwe-shaft ngaphansi kwemvula enamandla nomoya.
3.3 Amandla Ohlaka kanye Nezinto Ezisembanjeni
4. Izivivinyo Ezingeziwe Zesigaba Esikhethekile
4.1 Ama-Umbrella Ezingane (Isigaba Esikhethekile se-EU BS / i-US CPSC)
4.2 I-Patio/Izambulela Zegalofu Ezinkulu
5. Isifinyezo Sophawu Lokuthobela Imithetho Yokuthunyelwa Kwamanye Amazwe
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Uphawu lwe-CE
Imakethe ye-EU (dlula i-EN 13830 + REACH)
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UMark we-UKCA
I-United Kingdom ngemuva kwe-Brexit (izinga elifanayo le-EN 13830, isitifiketi esihlukile)
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Iqinisekiswe yi-CPSC
Izambulela zabantu abadala nezingane zase-USA
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Ilebula le-Prop 65
I-California, e-USA
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Ithegi Eqinisekisiwe ye-UPF
Kuphoqelekile uma kuphrintwa “UV Protection” ku-canopy ye-AU/EU/US
Sekukonke,Ukuhlolwa kwe-REACH, ENithandwa kakhulu emakethe yaseYurophu,I-CA65ingeyemakethe yase-US.
Ungathumela izambulela ku-I-SGS, i-TUV, i-BVimisebenzi yalezi zivivinyo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-18-2026